Basic knowledge about clothing fabric

April 20,2024

1 Gram weight

Between grams, too thin will lead to transparent, too thick will be stuffy, generally choosen between 180-330 grams of weight is better. (Regular T-shirt are generally 180-220 grams, which is just the right thickness to wear, and trendy heavy T-shirts generally choose more than 260 grams of fabric, which is heavy)

2 Branches

(1) Definition: the number of length yards of cotton yarn with a common weight of one pound,

(2) Coarse yarn :18 and less pure cotton yarn, mainly used for weaving thick fabric or fleece cotton fabric.

(3) Medium yarn :19-29 pure cotton yarn. Mainly used for general requirements of knitted clothing.

(4) Fine yarn :30-60 pure cotton yarn. Mainly used for high-grade knitwear.

The higher the number, the softer, the T-shirt is generally 21, 32, 40, 50

3 Yarn

(1) Double yarn

(2) Double yarn

4 Fine comb

(1) General comb yarn

(2) combed yarn

5 Door width

The door width is the width of the fabric, and the effective door width is usually the door width that can be used to make clothes. If it is dyed fabric, the effective door width refers to the distance between the inside of the two cloth edges (or pinholes on both sides), and the effective door width will be 2 to 4 centimeters less than the entire door width.

6 Interweave and blend

(1) Blending refers to the mixing of two or more different fibers in the spinning process, which is for yarns. The purpose is to learn from each other and make the spun yarn have better performance.

(2) Interweaving refers to the fabric woven with different varieties of yarn or fiber filament (bundle) when weaving, which is for weaving. Interlace can be blended or pure.

7 Fabric

(1) Plain fabric

(2) twill fabric

(3) Satin fabric

8 Shrinkage rate

Refers to the percentage of fabric shrinkage after washing or soaking. Generally speaking, the fabric with the largest shrinkage rate is synthetic fiber and mixed textiles, followed by wool and linen, and cotton is in the middle.

9 Burning wool

The characteristic of singeing treatment is to remove the fuzz formed by the unwound fiber and the protruding fiber on the surface of the yarn, so that the fabric is more smooth and beautiful, and the color of the fabric is uniform, and it can print a clear and fine pattern.

10 Horizontal yarn Straight yarn

Straight yarn in the fabric profession refers to the weft and warp yarn, and the yarn parallel to the weaving edge is straight yarn, and the vertical cross with the weaving edge is horizontal yarn.

11 Fiber identification method

(1) Hand visual measurement method

(2) microscope observation method

(3) Density gradient method

(4) Fluorescence method

(5) Combustion method

12 Fabric processing method classification

(1) Woven fabric

(2) Knitted fabrics

(3) Nonwovens

13 Yarn raw material classification

(1) Pure textiles